Answers to CSM, 2016 Model Test-1, dated. 30.09.2016
Dear Friends,
I would be keep posting the answers one by one as and when my time permit...I may update also...
Q.1.
Why NSG membership is important for India?
The NSG
membership is crucial for India due to the following benefits
1. Access to sophisticated
nuclear technology and fuels which will facilitate high end growth in the
fields of medicine and nuclear power generation.
2. Access to
nuclear technologies is quid-pro-quo for scaling up India’s nuclear power
production and it is in turn very essential to achieve her commitment to reduce
dependence on fossil fuels and ensuring 40% of clean energy by 2030.
3. With access
to latest technology, India can commercialize the production of nuclear power
equipment and supply the same to the countries like Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and others
for peaceful purposes. This in turn will boost innovation and high tech
manufacturing in India and can be leveraged for economic and strategic
benefits.
4. Having the
ability to offer its own nuclear power plants to the world means spawning of an
entire nuclear industry and related technology development. This could give the
Make in India programme a big boost.
5. India’s
international political, economic, military and strategic profile and clout
increases. She will enter into the category of international rule-creating
nations rather than stay in the ranks of rule-adhering nations
Q. 10. What are the
potential benefits and drawbacks of Li-fi technology?
Ans. The potential benefits of the Li-fi technology are
1. Efficiency: Li-Fi works on visible
light technology. The LED bulbs which are used in homes and offices for
lighting purposes can be used to transmit data. Hence, it is very efficient in
terms of costs as well as energy.
2. High speed: The Li-fi technology is
faster by several times than that of wi-fi and facilities high data
transmission in few seconds
3. Availability: It can be used in all the places wherever
there is a light source. Hence, high speed internet can be provided practically
in all places, in homes, offices, shops, malls etc.
4. Security: One main advantage of Li-Fi is security. Since
light cannot pass through opaque structures, Li-Fi Internet is available only
to the users within a room and cannot be breached by users in other rooms or
buildings.
5. Li-fi technology wouldn’t interfere with the navigation
systems and therefore great potential to provide internet and data transmission
facilities in flying objects such as aeroplanes and fighter jets.
The drawbacks or disadvantages of Li-Fi technology include:
1. Internet cannot be used without a light source. This
could limit the locations and situations in which Li-Fi could be used.
2. Because it uses visible light, and light cannot penetrate
walls, the signal's range is limited by physical barriers.
3. Other sources of light may interfere with the signals. It
can’t be used outdoors as sunlight would interfere with the light used for
li-fi technology.
4. A whole new infrastructure for Li-Fi would need to be
constructed.
13. “The merging of railway and general budgets
is a sweetener to the Indian Railways”. Comment.
Ans. The merging of Railway
Budget with that of General Budget with effect from 2017-18 is expected to
benefit the railways in the following ways
1.
Due to the merger of two
budgets, the Railways will also get rid of the annual dividend it currently has
to pay for Gross Budgetary Support (GBS) from the government.
2.
The Indian Railways suffer
from a huge revenue deficit and the same will be transferred to the Ministry of
Finance.
3.
The time and energy of the Railways
Dept. which has been hitherto utilized
on budget exercise now can be diverted to productive areas like expansion and
broadening of lines, high speed rail, bio-toilets, metro projects etc.
4.
The Rail Budget will be
free of political pressures. It has been used as a bargaining chip by
major political parties to enlist smaller parties into a
coalition. Introducing new trains in home states usually netted votes of
minor parties.
5.
The GOI is surely bigger
than Railways Dept. and therefore may allocate or mobilize more funds for operationalizing
the high speed rail, metro projects and connecting the hinterland to the ports.
[During the British Raj,
Railway Budget made up for 85 percent of the country’s general budget, but
now it accounts for only 15 percent].
